Lumps and swellings in the testicles (balls) aren't usually caused by anything serious, but you should get them checked by a GP.
Non-urgent advice: See a GP if you have:
- a lump in your testicles
- swollen testicles
- a change in the shape of your testicles
- a change in the way your testicles feel
- one testicle that's become bigger than the other
- aching or discomfort in your testicles that doesn't go away
Lumps in the testicles can be a sign of testicular cancer. This is easier to treat if it's found early.
Immediate action required: Go to A&E if you get sudden, unbearable pain in your testicles or tummy
This could be caused by your testicle becoming twisted, which needs to be treated in hospital as soon as possible.
What happens at your GP appointment
To find out what the cause of your lump or swelling is, the GP may:
- look at and feel your testicles
- shine a torch through the bag of skin containing your testicles (scrotum) to check for a build-up of fluid
- refer you for an ultrasound scan
Treatment for a lump or swelling depends on the cause. You might not need treatment if it doesn't cause any problems and isn't getting worse.
If it's painful or very big, your GP may refer you to a specialist for an operation to drain, shrink or remove it.
Causes of testicle lumps and swellings
Lumps and swellings in the testicles can have lots of different causes.
Most are caused by something harmless, such as a build-up of fluid (cyst) or swollen veins in the testicles (varicocele).
But sometimes they can be a sign of something serious, such as testicular cancer.
Don't try to self-diagnose the cause of your lump – always see a GP.
Page last reviewed: 31 July 2017
Next review due: 31 July 2020